ABSTRACT:
According to many banking experts, Vietnam’s banking industry has experienced a rapid growth in current years.Banksare competing with each other in terms of w88 link w88 moi nhat number of banking branches, marketshare and credit growth. w88 link w88 moi nhat demand forhuman resourcesin Vietnamese banking sector has also increased significantly. However, banks face many recruitment challenges in terms of quality. w88 link w88 moi nhat qualitty of banking human resources in Vietnam is quite low and it is w88 link w88 moi nhat top concern of many Vietnamese banks.
Keywords:human resources, bank, training, implementation, policy.
1. Introduction
w88 link w88 moi nhat quality ofhuman resourcesremains limited, not satisfying w88 link w88 moi nhat development requirements of w88 link w88 moi nhat banking sector as well as w88 link w88 moi nhat national economy. This issue leads to w88 link w88 moi nhat unstable development of w88 link w88 moi nhat national banking and financial industry. w88 link w88 moi nhat StateBankof Vietnam lacks banking and economic experts who have capacity to conduct researches, make forecasts and policies, develop strategies and orientations for w88 link w88 moi nhat country’s banking system development and restructure. Meanwhile, credit institutions lack managers with professional qualifications in internal audit, abilities to analyze and evaluate w88 link w88 moi nhat performance of their staff. In addition, credit institutions’ human resources management has many shortcomings, negatively affecting their performance.Personnel policiessuch as preferential, recruitment, training and promoting, using, and benefits policies are not suitable. w88 link w88 moi nhat quality of human resources training at education institutions is quite low [1] Therefore, Vietnamese banks not only face challenges in hiring high-quality employees who have worked in w88 link w88 moi nhat banking industry but also in recruiting good new graduates. Due to w88 link w88 moi nhat impact of w88 link w88 moi nhat prolonged economic crisis, w88 link w88 moi nhat employment reduction of banks has had certain impacts on w88 link w88 moi nhat career orientation of new students. w88 link w88 moi nhat number of students enrolling in w88 link w88 moi nhat banking major at some big universities in Vietnam has fallen by 20%.
2. w88 link w88 moi nhat current situation of human resources in Vietnam’s banking industry
2.1. w88 link w88 moi nhat current situation of employees who have worked in w88 link w88 moi nhat banking sector
w88 link w88 moi nhat State Bank of Vietnam’s statistics show that w88 link w88 moi nhat number of banking employees had grown rapidly over w88 link w88 moi nhat past few years. In 2020, w88 link w88 moi nhat total number of employees working in w88 link w88 moi nhat banking industry is 77,341 employees, including 6,000 employees working for state-owned banks. Statistics also show that w88 link w88 moi nhat percentage of trained employees in w88 link w88 moi nhat banking industry is higher than in other economic sectors. However, w88 link w88 moi nhat percentage of specially trained employees in w88 link w88 moi nhat banking sector is lower than other industries. For example, w88 link w88 moi nhat number of banking employees have university degrees account for 30.06% of w88 link w88 moi nhat total number of employees in w88 link w88 moi nhat banking and financial sector. This figure in other sectors is about 34.9%. w88 link w88 moi nhat number of banking employees have a banking or finance master’s degree accounts only for 1.35% of w88 link w88 moi nhat total number of employees in w88 link w88 moi nhat banking and financial sector.
To ensure w88 link w88 moi nhat safety of national banking system and support w88 link w88 moi nhat banking sector develop sustainable, w88 link w88 moi nhat Government of Vietnam and w88 link w88 moi nhat State Bank of Vietnam have drastically implemented w88 link w88 moi nhat banking system restructure plan. This restructure process has directly affected w88 link w88 moi nhat banking employment. In 2019, Vietnam Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development reduced 1,243 employees; Eximbank reduced its 8% total employees or 440 employees and BIDV reduced its 2% total employees or 315 employees [2].
Although banks reduce their staff, they still lacks high-quality human resources. w88 link w88 moi nhat fact shows that w88 link w88 moi nhat recruitment demand for high-quality banking employees is very strong. In fields of strategy development, risk management, international payment, international investment, etc., banks are difficult to find suitable candidates and some banks have to hire foreign experts in these fields. At a seminar organized by w88 link w88 moi nhat Institute of Human Resources for Banking and Finance, Mr. Tran Huu Thang, Deputy Director of w88 link w88 moi nhat State Bank of Vietnam's Personnel and Organization Department, said that w88 link w88 moi nhat current banking human resources in Vietnam is quite low in terms of both quality and quantity. Many banks lack executives and leaders with professional qualifications, analytical ability, and legal understanding. w88 link w88 moi nhat professional qualifications, project-making ability, and strategic vision of many Vietnamese banks’ management teams have not met w88 link w88 moi nhat requirements of competition and integration.
2.2.w88 link w88 moi nhat current situation of human resource training and development for w88 link w88 moi nhat banking industry
Currently, Vietnam has 40 financial banking training institutions including 24 universities. According to w88 link w88 moi nhat survey data of w88 link w88 moi nhat Institute of Banking and Finance, w88 link w88 moi nhat number of students studying finance and banking graduating from universities in w88 link w88 moi nhat academic year 2019/2020 was about 15,000-22,000 students and it will be 29,000 students in w88 link w88 moi nhat academic year 2020/2021.
w88 link w88 moi nhat reality shows that banking employees who have undergone basic training meet w88 link w88 moi nhat requirements of w88 link w88 moi nhat banking industry, but objectively speaking, w88 link w88 moi nhat quality of trained human resources is still low, many students after graduation still have “gaps” in both specialized skills and soft skills. Therefore, it takes time for banks to re-train new employees to meet their job requirements. In some specialized fields, w88 link w88 moi nhat recruitment demand is very large, and now many commercial banks have to spend a lot of money to hire foreign experts to fill up positions of executive management, network development strategy and risk management[1][3].
3. Reasons for shortcomings in banking human resource development policies
- w88 link w88 moi nhat banking sector's human resource training strategy has not yet been developed. In addition, w88 link w88 moi nhat development strategy of w88 link w88 moi nhat bank is not consistent with w88 link w88 moi nhat human resource development strategy of w88 link w88 moi nhat banks themselves.
- Trained employees still lack soft skills such as communication, presentation, teamwork, and listening skills. Banking employees, especially fresh graduate, have many weaknesses.
- There are still certain gaps in training, especially gaps in specialized knowledge including administration, management, and investment. Besides, w88 link w88 moi nhat complementary knowledge such as foreign languages, information technology, communication is still weak. Many training programs are highly academic but its applicable is low. So when students graduate, they still need to be re-trained to meet w88 link w88 moi nhat actual work needs.
- Although w88 link w88 moi nhat government has had many preferential policies for w88 link w88 moi nhat education sector over w88 link w88 moi nhat past time, those policies have not been effective, especially policies for lecturers and preferential policies for grassroots investment. technology for education.
- w88 link w88 moi nhat quality of international training links still has shortcomings, not meeting w88 link w88 moi nhat requirements of international integration: it is an industry with high international connectivity and linkages, requiring trained people to have in-depth knowledge, informatics, foreign languages;
- There is no set of standard rules on job titles and professional standards for bank employees.
- There are not many close cooperation among schools and banks. After all, w88 link w88 moi nhat high-quality human resources will be provided to banks, enterprises and society, thus, w88 link w88 moi nhat trained human resources should satisfy w88 link w88 moi nhat development requirements. However, over w88 link w88 moi nhat past time, there has not been extensive participation of banks and enterprises involved in w88 link w88 moi nhat human resource training process for w88 link w88 moi nhat banking industry.
- w88 link w88 moi nhat recruitment, especially at some state-owned commercial banks, is not objective and fair; w88 link w88 moi nhat emulation and reward mechanism is still subjective, equally, which will not motivate employees to enthusiastically emulate and complete tasks.
- w88 link w88 moi nhat standard forecast of human resources in general and high-quality human resources has not yet been developed.
4. Solutions to improve w88 link w88 moi nhat quality of banking human resources
Firstly, making a human resources development strategy. To do this, it is necessary to study and develop a strategy for training high-quality human resources. It is necessary to forecast human resources in each development stage of w88 link w88 moi nhat banking industry in order to have an appropriate training plan; develop a framework training program based on international standards; develop a set of standard textbooks based on w88 link w88 moi nhat standards of developed countries with appropriate modifications in w88 link w88 moi nhat specific conditions in Vietnam; and standardize w88 link w88 moi nhat training tecaching of lecturers. Education and training institutions need to set their enrollment quotas in line with w88 link w88 moi nhat employment demand of w88 link w88 moi nhat banking industry.
Secondly, innovating and improving teaching and learning methods, creating a healthy learning and research environment for students. To have a good quality human resources, training institutions need to continue to innovate their training methods, place learners at w88 link w88 moi nhat center of teaching, improve self-study habits, creative thinking ability, independent research ability of students and strengthen ideological, moral, lifestyle and physical education for students.
Thirdly, based on w88 link w88 moi nhat development strategy of w88 link w88 moi nhat whole banking industry, w88 link w88 moi nhat recruitment needs of each bank, make a scientific recruitment policy to attract quality human resources. When banks recruite, it is necessary to consider w88 link w88 moi nhat personnel capacity for each vacancy, determine w88 link w88 moi nhat strengths of individuals to arrange in w88 link w88 moi nhat appropriate position, from which w88 link w88 moi nhat recruited person can promote their full capacity. Recruitment work needs to be done openly, transparently, democratically, objectively, and fairly, so that we can recruit quality human resources to work in w88 link w88 moi nhat banking system.
Fourthly, training and retraining employees. Banks need to regularly train and re-train their employees, in addition to basic knowledge and guiding documents of w88 link w88 moi nhat banking industry, also need to train more legal knowledge, management knowledgge, foregin language skills, sales skills and communication skills for their employees.
Finally, establishing a specialized agency to forecast human resources development in w88 link w88 moi nhat banking industry in order to avoid excessively or shortage of human resources in general, and ensure w88 link w88 moi nhat high-quality human resources development. w88 link w88 moi nhat Government can assign w88 link w88 moi nhat State Bank of Vietnam to establish an agency specializing in researching human resource needs of w88 link w88 moi nhat banking industry. This agency can make recommendations to training institutions and people about w88 link w88 moi nhat human resource needs in w88 link w88 moi nhat banking industry in a certain period. Hence, training institutions can have appropriate training plans.
In conclusion, to achieve a strong, sustainable development in order to gradually keep pace with w88 link w88 moi nhat development of banking industries in developed economies, it is urgent for Vietnam’s banking industry to develop high-quality human resources. In this paper, w88 link w88 moi nhat authors presents w88 link w88 moi nhat current situation of human resources in w88 link w88 moi nhat banking industry over w88 link w88 moi nhat past few years, finds out w88 link w88 moi nhat causes of shortcomings, thereby proposing some solutions to improve w88 link w88 moi nhat quality of banking human resources. This paper is expected to contribute to w88 link w88 moi nhat development of Vietnam’s banking industry in w88 link w88 moi nhat coming time.
REFERENCES:
- Nguyen Thi Mui. (2020). Training high-quality human resources for Vietnam's banking industry. Scientific seminar on banking human resource training (56-57). Hanoi: State Bank of Vietnam.
- Pham Thanh Ha. (2020). Implementation of policies on training banking personnel at commercial banks (Master's Thesis in Economic Management, Maritime University, Hai Phong, Vietnam).
- Tran Thi Thu Anh. (2019). Economic factors affecting financial human resources. Economic Forecast Journal, 6, 4.
Nâng cao chất lượng nguồn nhân lực cho ngànhNgân hàng tại Việt Nam
Nguyễn Hoài Phương1
Đào Trọng Hiếu2
1Ngân hàng Đại Dương
2Công an Thành phố Hà Nội
TÓM TẮT:
Theo nhiều chuyên gia ngân hàng, lĩnh vực ngân hàng tại Việt Nam đang tăng trưởng mạnh trong những năm gần đây. Các ngân hàng chạy đua mở rộng hệ thống chi nhánh, tăng thị phần, cũng như tăng trưởng tín dụng. Điều này kéo theo sự gia tăng về nhu cầu nhân lực trong ngành Ngân hàng nước ta. Tuy nhiên, các ngân hàng hiện phải đối mặt với nhiều khó khăn trong khâu tuyển dụng, nhất là tuyển dụng nguồn nhân lực chất lượng cao. Chất lượng nguồn nhân lực trong ngành Ngân hàng Việt Nam hiện còn thấp và đây là vấn đề cấp bách của nhiều ngân hàng.
Từ khóa:nguồn nhân lực, ngân hàng, đào tạo, thực hiện, chính sách.
[Tạp chí Công Thương - Các kết quả nghiên cứu khoa học và ứng dụng công nghệ, Số 17, tháng 7 năm 2021]
